user affiliation schema completed

backend/app/Models/Institution.php

@@ -87,4 +87,14 @@ class Institution extends Model implements Auditable
     {
         return $this->hasMany(InstitutionLink::class);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Storico delle affiliazioni (staff) di questa istituzione.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<UserAffiliation, $this>
+     */
+    public function affiliations(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(UserAffiliation::class);
+    }
 }

backend/app/Models/User.php

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use App\Notifications\ResetPasswordNotification;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
 use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ use OwenIt\Auditing\Contracts\Auditable;
 
 class User extends Authenticatable implements Auditable, MustVerifyEmail
 {
-    /** @use HasFactory<UserFactory> */
+    /** @use HasFactory<\Database\Factories\UserFactory> */
     use HasApiTokens, HasFactory, Notifiable, SoftDeletes;
 
     use \OwenIt\Auditing\Auditable;
@@ -85,6 +86,16 @@ class User extends Authenticatable implements Auditable, MustVerifyEmail
         return $this->belongsTo(UserRole::class, 'role_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Storico delle affiliazioni (incarichi) di questo utente.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<UserAffiliation, $this>
+     */
+    public function affiliations(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(UserAffiliation::class);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Send the password reset notification.
      */

backend/app/Models/UserAffiliation.php

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+use App\Models\Lists\UserPosition;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
+use OwenIt\Auditing\Auditable as AuditableTrait;
+use OwenIt\Auditing\Contracts\Auditable;
+
+class UserAffiliation extends Model implements Auditable
+{
+    use AuditableTrait;
+    use HasFactory;
+    use SoftDeletes;
+
+    protected $fillable = [
+        'institution_id',
+        'user_id',
+        'user_position_id',
+        'start_year',
+        'end_year',
+        'legacy_user_id',
+        'legacy_institution_id',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Bookkeeping ETL, non rilevanti per l'admin UI.
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    protected $hidden = [
+        'legacy_user_id',
+        'legacy_institution_id',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected function casts(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'institution_id' => 'integer',
+            'user_id' => 'integer',
+            'user_position_id' => 'integer',
+            'start_year' => 'integer',
+            'end_year' => 'integer',
+            'is_open' => 'boolean',
+            'legacy_user_id' => 'integer',
+            'legacy_institution_id' => 'integer',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Institution, $this>
+     */
+    public function institution(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Institution::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function user(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<UserPosition, $this>
+     */
+    public function userPosition(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(UserPosition::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Esiste già un'altra affiliazione aperta per lo stesso ente+utente: un
+     * restore qui urterebbe l'indice unique su (institution_id, user_id, is_open).
+     */
+    public function hasConflictingOpenAffiliation(): bool
+    {
+        if (filled($this->end_year)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return self::query()
+            ->where('institution_id', $this->institution_id)
+            ->where('user_id', $this->user_id)
+            ->where('id', '!=', $this->id)
+            ->whereNotNull('is_open')
+            ->exists();
+    }
+}